Ketimpangan Fiskal dan Ekonomi: Kesenjangan Dalam Pembentukan IPM di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55338/jeama.v4i3.688Kata Kunci:
Human Development Index, Health Expenditure, Education expenditure, Economic Growth, IndonesiaAbstrak
This study investigates the extent to which public spending in the health and education sectors, together with regional economic performance, contributes to human development in Indonesia. The Human Development Index (HDI) is employed as a composite indicator reflecting the quality of life and human capability. Using provincial panel data for the period 2015–2024, this study applies multiple regression analysis to examine the effects of health expenditure, education expenditure, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) on HDI. The findings reveal that health expenditure has a positive and statistically significant effect on HDI, indicating that government intervention in the health sector directly supports improvements in life expectancy and overall well-being. By contrast, education expenditure and GRDP do not exhibit statistically significant effects on HDI within the estimated model. The explanatory power of the model suggests that human development outcomes in Indonesia are also shaped by broader structural, institutional, and social determinants. These results imply that enhancing human development requires not only economic expansion but also effective, targeted, and performance-based allocation of social spending.
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